"Since the 1990s Korea has emerged as a production center for transnational popular culture, with Western audiences enjoying local cultural genres like TV dramas and pop music (K-pop). From 1997 to 2007 the Korean Wave (Hallyu) focused on the export of film and TV programs. Hallyu after 2008 diversified amid changing digital technologies and cultural politics. Korean smartphones and social networks have become major components of Hallyu. As with Psy's "Gangman Style," social media have shifted the globalcultural flow of popular culture. Jin analyzes the social and tech trends behind Hallyu's global reach, emphasizing the strong connection between technology-avid youth and fandom in different parts of the world. Jin argues for a distinction between Hallyu 1.0 and Hallyu 2.0, marking the emergence after 2008 of different cultural forms. He blends analysis on the export and reception of Korean films, pop music, TV programs, online gaming, and animation with insights from interviews with fans and media industry personnel to tell how the Korean cultural industry grew from a relatively overlooked sector to a global success story"-
